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Conflicting Views on Women's Education in the 19th Century
Malínská, Jana
From the perspective of conflicting opinions on the women's education in the second half of the 19th century and on the background of struggles for its formal establishing this contribution follows the Masaryk's views on relevant issues from the time he became a deputy in the Imperial Diet in early 1890s. Building on the ideals of the Enlightenment and democratic principles, his competent arguments were in favour of democratization of education in humanities and law as well as of the school system as a whole, including women's education. His parliamentary speeches, articles, the contemporary press, laws and statues and relevant history literature are the main sources of information for this article.
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Determinism in Masaryk's Philosophy
Srovnal, Jindřich
Masaryk's explicit accentuation on the ethic and on the part of moral values in human society, his accentuation of the weight of will to reach decisions in everyday human life could be connected (and it was by many authors really connected) with a philosophical indeterminism. The historical truth is different. Masaryk has avowed himself to be a philosophical determinist. For him the determinism signified the condition to attain the human aims, and at the same time - was a philosophical equivalent of synergism, i.e. the human cooperatin on fulfilling of God's intentions.
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The charakter of the German political culture in Masaryk´s concepts
Broklová, Eva
While at the break of World War I T. G. Masaryk intended to write a study related to the nature and charakter of nations, the following international circumstances prevented him to do so. This creates certain gap in Masaryk's views on the subject of what is called since mid-20th century political culture. Masaryk's decision to get involved in the exile struggles for an independent democratic Czechoslovakia seems to prove sufficiently that he viewed German philosophy of history, German political and germanization goals, as the greatest danger for the world development, including the Czech nation. The victory of the Allies and the fall of the Imperial Germany opened a new perspective for a democracy. From Masaryk´s fragmentary references, when he was a Czechoslovak President, it is clear that he was aware of the possibility of relapses of German aggression and even of dangers of nazism. But in his speeches he responded with restraints, hoping to influence the situation with positive ideas and encouragements.
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